根據本網站統計USPTO 美國專利(Utility patents)獲證,2013年277,835項發明專利,比2012年增加了10%,美國仍是主要專利生產國,我國在美國專利量維持微幅成長達11598件,排名全世界第五名。同時,從IFI CLAIMS於2014年1月14日公布2013年美國專利(Utility patents)獲證統計,指出美國專利暨商標局(USPTO)頒布(issued)277,835項發明專利,比2012年增加了10%,也是有史以來獲證最多專利的一年,且專利權人的業者也比2011年多出了4000家。其中,IBM、三星電子、Canon、Sony及Microsoft分別取得專利數的前五名。台灣的鴻海排名第八名與台積電排名第三十五名。
在排名TOP 50的名單中,有18家屬於美國公司,19家為日本公司及5家韓國業者。IBM在2013年獲得了6809項專利,三星電子則是4675項,Canon為3825項。排名第八的鴻海取得了2279項專利,第三十五名的台積電也有941項專利。
IBM去年(2013)取得的專利比2012年多了5%,而且是該公司連續第21年蟬聯美國的專利王。較受矚目的專利業者之一為高通(Qualcomm),2013年所取得的專利數量比2012年成長了62%,以2103項專利攀上了第九名。還有,Google與蘋果都在2013年首度進入前二十名。
另外值得一提,台積電在2012年以650項專利首度進入前五十大排行榜的台積電,在2013年取得了941項專利,成長44%,也讓台積電的排名從四十八前進至三十五。還有,鴻海依舊表現亮眼維持排名第八名。
從2013年美國專利取得進入前1000大企業(Top 1000)家統計來看,台灣廠商有54家,中國廠商有19家,南韓廠商有29家;雖然台灣廠商進入TOP1000高於中國及南韓,但是2013年專利數量大於100件者僅15家約佔25%。其中,專利數量排名進步最多者,台灣以崇貿科技(System General Corp)、成功大學、中央研究院、宏碁、大立光 (Largan Precision);中國以深圳中國星光電(Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Tech Co Ltd CN )、中國科學院微電子研究所、華為、中芯國際集成電路製造有限公司、China Academy of Telecommunications Tech;南韓以SK Planet Co Ltd、Pantech Co Ltd 、SK Innovation Co Ltd、Yonsei University Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation、Hanyang University Industry-University Cooperation Foundation。
三星電子(Samsung Electronics)雖然專利數量下滑,係因為三星集團於2012年7月新成立三星顯示器(Samsung Display)公司,所以造成有些專利流入新成立公司。
衡量創新的指標,專利非唯一或重要因素。(890字;表4)
表一、美國發明專利TOP 20
2013 Rank |
2012 Rank |
Change |
Assignee |
CC |
2013 Grants |
2012 Grants |
Change |
1 |
1 |
0 |
IBM |
US |
6,809 |
6,478 |
331 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
Samsung Electronics |
KR |
4,676 |
5,081 |
-405 |
3 |
3 |
0 |
Canon K K |
JP |
3,825 |
3,174 |
651 |
4 |
4 |
0 |
Sony Corp |
JP |
3,098 |
3,032 |
66 |
5 |
6 |
1 |
Microsoft |
US |
2,660 |
2,613 |
47 |
6 |
5 |
-1 |
Panasonic |
JP |
2,601 |
2,769 |
-168 |
7 |
7 |
0 |
Toshiba |
JP |
2,416 |
2,447 |
-31 |
8 |
8 |
0 |
Hon Hai Precision Industry |
TW |
2,279 |
2,013 |
266 |
9 |
17 |
8 |
QUALCOMM |
US |
2,103 |
1,292 |
811 |
10 |
10 |
0 |
LG Electronics Inc |
KR |
1,947 |
1,624 |
323 |
11 |
21 |
10 |
Google Inc |
US |
1,851 |
1,151 |
700 |
12 |
11 |
-1 |
Fujitsu Ltd |
JP |
1,806 |
1,535 |
271 |
13 |
22 |
9 |
Apple Inc |
US |
1,775 |
1,136 |
639 |
14 |
9 |
-5 |
General Electric Co |
US |
1,739 |
1,652 |
87 |
15 |
16 |
1 |
GM Global Technology Operations LLC |
US |
1,626 |
1,377 |
249 |
16 |
12 |
-4 |
Seiko Epson Corp |
JP |
1,494 |
1,461 |
33 |
17 |
14 |
-3 |
Ricoh Co Ltd |
JP |
1,470 |
1,410 |
60 |
18 |
18 |
0 |
Intel Corp |
US |
1,455 |
1,290 |
165 |
19 |
15 |
-4 |
Hewlett-Packard Development Co |
US |
1,360 |
1,394 |
-34 |
20 |
29 |
9 |
BlackBerry Ltd |
CA |
1,334 |
986 |
348 |
Source:IFI Claim,科技產業資訊室整理,2014/01
表二、美國發明專利TOP 1000--台灣廠商及研究機構
2013 Rank |
2012 Rank |
Change |
Assignee |
2013 Grants |
2012 Grants |
Change |
8 |
8 |
0 |
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd TW |
2,279 |
2,013 |
266 |
35 |
48 |
13 |
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co TW |
941 |
650 |
291 |
64 |
54 |
-10 |
Industrial Technology Research Institute TW |
489 |
553 |
-64 |
84 |
70 |
-14 |
AU Optronics Corp TW |
386 |
405 |
-19 |
148 |
114 |
-34 |
MediaTek Inc TW |
213 |
264 |
-51 |
163 |
220 |
57 |
United Microelectronics Corp TW |
194 |
138 |
56 |
200 |
157 |
-43 |
Macronix International Co Ltd TW |
160 |
187 |
-27 |
207 |
239 |
32 |
HTC Corp TW |
155 |
128 |
27 |
235 |
140 |
-95 |
Chimei Innolux Corp TW |
136 |
211 |
-75 |
245 |
223 |
-22 |
Realtek Semiconductor Corp TW |
130 |
136 |
-6 |
261 |
349 |
88 |
Wistron Corp TW |
123 |
85 |
38 |
273 |
173 |
-100 |
Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd TW |
119 |
172 |
-53 |
285 |
264 |
-21 |
Delta Electronics Inc TW |
113 |
115 |
-2 |
305 |
223 |
-82 |
National Taiwan University TW |
107 |
136 |
-29 |
308 |
336 |
28 |
MStar Semiconductor Inc TW |
106 |
89 |
17 |
329 |
341 |
12 |
National Chiao Tung University TW |
99 |
88 |
11 |
329 |
290 |
-39 |
National Tsing Hua University TW |
99 |
103 |
-4 |
334 |
370 |
36 |
VIA Technologies Inc TW |
97 |
81 |
16 |
366 |
319 |
-47 |
NOVATEK Microelectronics Corp TW |
90 |
94 |
-4 |
374 |
239 |
-135 |
Himax Technologies Ltd TW |
88 |
128 |
-40 |
414 |
550 |
136 |
PixArt Imaging Inc TW |
78 |
52 |
26 |
420 |
491 |
71 |
Nanya Technology Corp TW |
77 |
59 |
18 |
425 |
477 |
52 |
Primax Electronics Ltd TW |
76 |
61 |
15 |
432 |
630 |
198 |
Inventec Corp TW |
75 |
45 |
30 |
439 |
199 |
-240 |
Foxconn Technology Co Ltd TW |
73 |
155 |
-82 |
446 |
268 |
-178 |
Cheng Uei Precision Industry Co Ltd TW |
72 |
113 |
-41 |
462 |
697 |
235 |
Largan Precision Co Ltd TW ( 大立光) |
69 |
39 |
30 |
480 |
459 |
-21 |
Richtek Technology Corp TW |
66 |
64 |
2 |
480 |
212 |
-268 |
Chi Mei Communication Systems Inc TW |
66 |
143 |
-77 |
520 |
451 |
-69 |
Advanced Semiconductor Engineering Inc TW |
61 |
65 |
-4 |
547 |
665 |
118 |
Institute for Information Industry TW |
58 |
42 |
16 |
599 |
550 |
-49 |
Altek Corp TW |
53 |
52 |
1 |
599 |
616 |
17 |
Institute of Nuclear Energy Research TW |
53 |
46 |
7 |
607 |
819 |
212 |
Epistar Corp TW |
52 |
33 |
19 |
620 |
932 |
312 |
Academia Sinica TW ( 中央研究院) |
51 |
28 |
23 |
641 |
616 |
-25 |
Phison Electronics Corp TW |
50 |
46 |
4 |
676 |
962 |
286 |
Acer Inc TW ( 宏碁 ) |
47 |
27 |
20 |
685 |
550 |
-135 |
Lite-On Technology Corp TW |
46 |
52 |
-6 |
685 |
301 |
-384 |
ASUSTek Computer Inc TW |
46 |
98 |
-52 |
696 |
1,107 |
411 |
National Cheng Kung University TW ( 成功大學) |
45 |
22 |
23 |
696 |
491 |
-205 |
Quanta Computer Inc TW |
45 |
59 |
-14 |
727 |
697 |
-30 |
National Taiwan University of Science & Technology TW |
43 |
39 |
4 |
774 |
773 |
-1 |
National Central University TW |
39 |
35 |
4 |
811 |
665 |
-146 |
Silicon Motion Inc TW |
37 |
42 |
-5 |
811 |
796 |
-15 |
Coretronic Corp TW |
37 |
34 |
3 |
869 |
727 |
-142 |
HannStar Display Corp TW |
34 |
37 |
-3 |
886 |
745 |
-141 |
Wintek Corp TW |
33 |
36 |
-3 |
912 |
1,107 |
195 |
MiTAC International Corp TW |
32 |
22 |
10 |
939 |
962 |
23 |
E INK Holdings Inc TW |
31 |
27 |
4 |
939 |
908 |
-31 |
Wistron NeWeb Corp TW |
31 |
29 |
2 |
939 |
727 |
-212 |
Foxsemicon Integrated Technology Inc TW |
31 |
37 |
-6 |
967 |
1,378 |
411 |
System General Corp TW ( 崇貿科技 ) |
30 |
15 |
15 |
1,018 |
932 |
-86 |
Sunonwealth Electric Machine Industry Co Ltd TW |
28 |
28 |
0 |
1,018 |
647 |
-371 |
Unimicron Technology Corp TW |
28 |
44 |
-16 |
Source:IFI Claim,科技產業資訊室整理,2014/01
表三、美國發明專利TOP 1000--中國廠商及研究機構
2013 Rank |
2012 Rank |
Change |
Assignee |
2013 Grants |
2012 Grants |
Change |
37 |
40 |
3 |
Hong Fu Jin Precision Industry (Shenzhen) Co Ltd CN |
922 |
782 |
140 |
52 |
55 |
3 |
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd CN |
686 |
532 |
154 |
121 |
292 |
171 |
ZTE Corp CN |
270 |
101 |
169 |
157 |
192 |
35 |
Tsinghua University CN |
200 |
159 |
41 |
212 |
138 |
-74 |
Shenzhen Futaihong Precision Industrial Co Ltd CN |
152 |
219 |
-67 |
253 |
683 |
430 |
Fu Tai Hua Ind (Shenzhen) Co Ltd CN |
127 |
40 |
87 |
329 |
1,684 |
1,355 |
Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Tech Co Ltd CN ( 深圳中國星光電) |
99 |
3 |
96 |
462 |
1,416 |
954 |
Huawei Device Co Ltd CN ( 華為) |
69 |
14 |
55 |
468 |
1,469 |
1,001 |
Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences CN ( 中國科學院微電子研究所) |
68 |
13 |
55 |
510 |
531 |
21 |
Semiconductor Manufacturing International (Shanghai) Corp CN |
62 |
54 |
8 |
510 |
656 |
146 |
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd CN |
62 |
43 |
19 |
583 |
249 |
-334 |
Fu Zhun Precision Industry (Shenzhen) Co Ltd CN |
54 |
123 |
-69 |
788 |
656 |
-132 |
Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Res Inst Co Ltd CN |
38 |
43 |
-5 |
788 |
592 |
-196 |
BYD Co Ltd CN |
38 |
48 |
-10 |
811 |
1,693 |
882 |
Semiconductor Mfg International (Beijing) Corp CN ( 中芯國際集成電路製造有限公司) |
37 |
1 |
36 |
842 |
1,240 |
398 |
Wonderland Nurserygoods Co Ltd CN |
36 |
18 |
18 |
912 |
1,535 |
623 |
China Academy of Telecommunications Tech CN |
32 |
11 |
21 |
939 |
697 |
-242 |
Innocom Technology (Shenzhen) Co Ltd CN |
31 |
39 |
-8 |
1,042 |
878 |
-164 |
Lenovo (Beijing) Ltd CN |
27 |
30 |
-3 |
Source:IFI Claim,科技產業資訊室整理,2014/01
表四、美國發明專利TOP 1000--南韓廠商及研究機構
2013 Rank |
2012 Rank |
Change |
Assignee |
2013 Grants |
2012 Grants |
Change |
2 |
2 |
0 |
Samsung Electronics Co Ltd KR |
4,676 |
5,081 |
-405 |
10 |
10 |
0 |
LG Electronics Inc KR |
1,947 |
1,624 |
323 |
22 |
123 |
101 |
Samsung Display Co Ltd KR |
1,270 |
238 |
1032 |
39 |
47 |
8 |
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute KR |
911 |
664 |
247 |
45 |
43 |
-2 |
SK Hynix Inc KR |
761 |
747 |
14 |
57 |
50 |
-7 |
LG Display Co Ltd KR |
582 |
626 |
-44 |
74 |
102 |
28 |
Hyundai Motor Co KR |
412 |
291 |
121 |
86 |
94 |
8 |
Samsung SDI Co Ltd KR |
377 |
309 |
68 |
93 |
78 |
-15 |
Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co Ltd KR |
353 |
370 |
-17 |
100 |
143 |
43 |
LG Innotek Co Ltd KR |
334 |
208 |
126 |
137 |
135 |
-2 |
LG Chem Ltd KR |
239 |
226 |
13 |
173 |
220 |
47 |
Kia Motors Corp KR |
184 |
138 |
46 |
305 |
377 |
72 |
Cheil Industries Inc KR |
107 |
78 |
29 |
322 |
294 |
-28 |
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Tech KAIST KR |
102 |
100 |
2 |
446 |
383 |
-63 |
Korea Institute of Science and Technology KIST KR |
72 |
77 |
-5 |
555 |
491 |
-64 |
KT Corp KR |
57 |
59 |
-2 |
555 |
616 |
61 |
POSTECH Academy-Industry Foundation KR |
57 |
46 |
11 |
583 |
773 |
190 |
Yonsei University Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation KR |
54 |
35 |
19 |
653 |
647 |
-6 |
Mando Corp KR |
49 |
44 |
5 |
685 |
962 |
277 |
Pantech Co Ltd KR |
46 |
27 |
19 |
696 |
509 |
-187 |
Sungkyunkwan University Foundation for Corporate Collaboration KR |
45 |
57 |
-12 |
788 |
247 |
-541 |
Dongbu HiTek Co Ltd KR |
38 |
124 |
-86 |
788 |
1,050 |
262 |
SK Innovation Co Ltd KR |
38 |
24 |
14 |
967 |
665 |
-302 |
Seoul Semiconductor Co Ltd KR |
30 |
42 |
-12 |
967 |
1,015 |
48 |
Samsung Techwin Co Ltd KR |
30 |
25 |
5 |
988 |
1,624 |
636 |
SK Planet Co Ltd KR |
29 |
8 |
21 |
988 |
1,137 |
149 |
Hanyang University Industry-University Cooperation Foundation KR |
29 |
21 |
8 |
1,042 |
630 |
-412 |
SK Telecom Co Ltd KR |
27 |
45 |
-18 |
Source:IFI Claim,科技產業資訊室整理,2014/01
圖二、台中韓主要廠商專利成長